Explore the genetic diversity and population structure across the Indian subcontinent. Discover how ancestral components vary across castes, tribes, and regional populations.
Ancestral North Indian - Related to populations from the Pontic-Caspian steppe and ancient Middle Eastern farmers. Higher in upper castes and northern populations.
Ancestral South Indian - Represents the genetic component related to ancient South Asian populations. More prevalent in southern India and Dravidian speakers.
Ancestral Ancestral South Indian - Hunter-gatherer ancestry similar to Andaman Islanders. Highest in tribal populations and some southern groups.
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Click on any marker on the map to view detailed genetic information about that population.
Upper castes show higher ANI ancestry (60-75%), while scheduled castes have more balanced ANI/ASI proportions.
North-South gradient exists with northern populations having higher ANI and southern populations having higher ASI ancestry.
Tribal groups preserve the highest levels of ancient AASI ancestry, especially in Central and South India.
Traditional social hierarchical groups including Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Scheduled Castes.
Indigenous populations often called Adivasis, preserving ancient genetic lineages and cultural traditions.
Groups defined by geographic region and shared cultural/linguistic heritage across South Asia.